February 9, 2012

Performance Horse Movement – a Team Approach

A horse is built to move. In the wild a horse is a grazer and the herd moves several miles a day in search of food. We as humans use this to our advantage – in the beginning a horse was used as a mode of transportation, because how they are built to move. Today our recreational use of horses still is in transporting humans through some sort of activity be it trail riding, to endurance riding, to roping steers, to jumping fences – the amount of activities is too numerous to list here, but they all have something in common. They take advantage of how the horse is built to move.

With all the changes we have done to the horse to compete in events maintaining proper movement can be difficult and it requires a team approach. You are the crew chief, the head honcho when it comes to your horse’s care. Of course, there will be people with more knowledge than you about the specifics of your horses movement but ultimately you are the decision maker – it is your horse, you need to process the information and make the best decision you can. In order to do this might I make some recommendations on who needs to be included on your team to allow your horse to have the best opportunity to maintain proper movement.

Nutrition – You barn manager and your vet or nutritionist

Hoof – Your farrier

Teeth – Your equine dentist

Tack Fit – Your saddle fitter/maker

Body – Your chiropractor and massage therapist

Riding – Your instructor and rider

Overall Health – Your veterinarian

Did you notice that I placed Your in front of each of these people? You are in charge – these people are there to guide you and work together as a team. Will they disagree? Many times they will it is up to you as the owner to make the best decisions for your horse. Even though you may have some disagreements all of these people need to be involved in your horses care to give your horse a chance of competing at the best of it ability. Think of your horse as a race car – a high end race car does not go to a race without a race team and neither should your horse.

The reason I bring this up is that many horse owners think of these practitioners only as individuals, however they are a team and you need to treat them as such. A properly working team knows what the other team members are doing in order to get the project (in this case your horse) to the best possible conclusion (in this case the best possible movement to compete). If you think of these practitioners as team members for your horse’s care you will do well to make better decisions in your horse’s care.

Horse Health Blogs

OK I have found 3 thats right, only 3 good quality horse health blogs! (well besides this one).

I am sure there are more than these three out there but since I have not received any insights from my readers as to what else they might be reading I will go with what I know – In no particular order here are the three -

The Jurga Report

Equid Blog

The Horse

These are the blogs that I read almost everyday. They provide good quality information and insight of your horses’s health. I may not always agree with what has been written on these blogs but overall it is great information.

Next I will be looking for some great blogs on other horse related topics like farriery – I think Fran Jurga will be in that list as well :-)

Horse Health: Looking for a few good blogs

OK the transfer of this site is almost complete – however I ran into one small problem. My blogroll is gone! A blogroll is a list of sites that are of similar content to the blog that they are listed on or are sites that the author of the blog likes. I had a few on the old blog but somehow they did not transfer over when I updated and transferred to this blog. So I have a request – are there any horse blogs out there that you think I should put on my blogroll?

Let me know what else you read, what is good out there, what deserves recognition as a great blog?

Thank you!

Laminitis (Founder) Article

Laminitis is very painful so much so that a horse with it will barely be able to walk, and sometimes they will not be able to walk at all! For clarification, founder is a laminitis turned chronic. Laminitis is acute inflammation of the lamina which is the structures that holds the hoof to the coffin bone. One of the most famous recent cases is that of Barbaro, in which he had laminitis in his left hind foot due to breaking his ankle on the right hind leg. The pressure of having to stay standing on the left hind all the time caused the laminitis.

Today I found an extremely good very detailed article on laminitis -

Laminitis Attack: The First Line of Defense

My favorite statement in the article is the comment about having to work together as a team. This is so true the farrier and the veterinarian as well as the caretaker/owner need to be in communication with one another to work out the best treatment for the horse. It is essential so that the horse has a chance at recovery. I am such a strong believer in this team approach that I feel that not only should this be done for laminitis but for any disease or management process in regards to the horse’s health.

Back to the article I want to point out the three most important topics covered in the treatment of laminitis and these are -

  • Get Expert Help
  • Use of Pain Medication
  • Find the Cause

Check out the article, if you ever have to deal with this horrible disease you will be glad you did… Laminitis Attack: The First Line of Defense

Other laminitis information found on the web…

Laminitis : The Hidden Danger Of Pasture
New Bolton Center Fund for Laminitis Research Fund raiser
Laminitis & Founder
Laminitis Product Receives Award from Queen of England

Chiropractic on a horse

Today, I was asked to do a chiropractic exam on a small horse, actually it was a P.O.A. I am asked to do chiropractic evaluations and treatments for a variety of reasons, usually it is the horse is not taking a lead correctly or unwillingness to flex or difficulty to collect or slower times in whatever event the horse does. Today was a little different, the horse does not back straight. In fact when asked to back it always turns its hindquarters to the right, every time. I tried it out from the ground and found that the horse indeed did turn its hind quarters to the right when backed. When covering the horse’s eyes I found I could make the horse go straight.
Upon examination, I found that the sacrum was not moving balanced and that the neck was “stiff”. However I felt that this may not be the only problem, the symptoms from the neck and the sacrum were minimal, meaning that the muscles were not very tight, no soreness, no other major subluxations were observed. So I asked the owner what exactly happens when you ask the horse to back. She said when she asks the horse to go back he arches his neck avoiding any contact with the bit and flexes to the right. So again I thought the neck has to be the answer, however why did the horse go straight when I covered its eyes?

The answer happened to be where I was pushing the horse when asking to go backwards while covering the eyes. The head was up not flexed down like I did when I pushed on the horses muzzle to back him up initially. I knew the answer!

I reached in to the horses mouth and found two things – a wolf tooth and the actual problem a loose deciduous tooth on the lower right premolar! A cap! The horse was avoiding any pressure on that side trying to get the bit away from the uncomfortable tooth. When putting pressure on the muzzle the neck subluxations which were caused by the stress of avoiding the uncomfortable tooth were causing the symptomology.

I adjusted the horse, pulled the cap, and the wolf tooth. Within a week, I expect that the horse will back up straight. SO anytime you are having a problem with a horse moving correctly be sure to check the horses mouth. Also be sure to have a dental examination done a minimum of twice a year and sometimes more often for the younger horse that is loosing teeth.

Genetics and Horse health – The PSSM study

Remember when I wrote about feeding fat for horses – Feeding Fat in Horses not a fad

That diet was specifically formulated for EPSM or PSSM…well there is new research on that disease which shows that it has a genetic component, which is very exciting! It may be possible in the future to test for that genetic type and eliminate a disease that affects a large percentage of draft horses and a few Quarter Horses. What a way to improve horse health by breeding appropriately and removing a defect. It can be done with HYPP if there was not money involved in keeping that disease around…oops sorry did I say that.
Check out some of this information from the Horse – Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy: Blame It on the Genes 

And the actual paper of the research from PubMed -  Glycogen synthase (GYS1) mutation causes a novel skeletal muscle glycogenosis.

Gullet Width – one point in the 5 points of saddle fit

Well I am back from vacation and getting back into the swing of things. We are going to get started with a discussion on saddle fit and how it relates to horses movement. Basically in my business saddle fit is about 75% of back problems in a horse and can really effect their health overall. To improvement movement and the health of your horse it is very important that you have proper fitting tack especially the saddle.

This discussion is going to be based mostly on English saddles however the five main points will be the same for Western saddles. These five points are just how the saddle fits on your horse while it is square. Obviously there is much more to saddle fitting than just looking at a saddle with a horse standing still. This type of guideline is only the beginning and does not take into account the condition of the saddle, ie broken or warped tree, in need of reflocking, worn leather etc. It also does not take into account assymetries in the horse while moving.

Here are the five points of saddle fit

  • Balance
  • Symmetry
  • Panel Contact
  • Gullet Width
  • Tree Angle & Width

Today we are going to be talking about Gullet Width.

The gullet width or channel width is the amount of space between the panels right down the middle of the saddle. It is very important to have a wide channel width. Many companies used to have channels that were wide at the pommel and then became significantly more narrow towards the cantel. This was to save money on leather costs in the construction of many hundreds of saddles. However it is not in the best interest of your horse. If the channel is too narrow when you turn or flex your horse, the panel can come into contact with a very soft and sensitive ligament that attaches the back muscles to the spine. If you press on this ligament the horse will sink away from the pressure and if repeatedly pressed upon it becomes quite tender and sore and will cause back spasms.

So when measuring the gullet or channel width the first thing you should do is measure your horses spinal width. Measure from ligament to ligament. The average horse should be between 1.5″ to 2.5″ in width so that means your gullet width on your saddle should be at the very least 2″ in width but preferably greater than 3″. The easy test is to use your fingers. Place your fingers together, the width of your four fingers should be between 2.5″ to 3″ obviously depending on how big of a person you are. Now use your fingers to run your hand through the channel of your saddle it should fit easily. If it doesn’t than it is too narrow of a channel and could be causing your horse some discomfort if not down right pain and destruction to the ligament and back muscles of your horse.

Keep your horse comfortable and happy, improve their movement and improve their health by having a properly fitting saddle. Next we will talk about balance and symmetry.

State of the Horse Market

Here is a news story from Iowa and one of the Horse Sale barns located there and their experience with horse prices and the state of the horse market there –> Horse market could be in trouble, local experts say

Here is a quote from Devon Mullet, owner of the Kalona Sale Barn

Mullet estimated 30 percent of the 700-800 horses bought and sold out of the sale barn each month go to Amish families. He said they commonly buy Standardbred racehorses that aren’t fast enough to race. He said Standardbreds, bred for trotting speed, are known best in this area for pulling buggies.
He said they used to be able to sell a horse for $700-$800. Today he said they are worth a mere $50-$100.

He blames the Horse Slaughter bill for an increased horse population and a decrease in horse prices. In my opinion the amount of increase in horses is negligible; however the price can easily be a cause of the bill. There are no longer any kill buyers at the sales in middle America. Gas is too expensive to transport to Mexico or Canada, so it is not worth it to purchase horses at these sale barns for slaughter, which means there is no longer a bottom to the market. Before a horse could only go so low before a killer buyer would bid on the horse. Now when a horse starts to drift down to the lower price ranges it will only be bought by someone who actually wants a horse. What this shows to me is an increasing population of unwanted horses. Now I also believe this only to be a temporary problem and the market will eventually correct itself. Basically it will become unprofitable for backyard breeders to just breed because they think they will get a good price for a horse.

Now the other part of the story is about concerns over the economy and health care for the horses. Claims that the horse market as a whole will be affected because of the decrease in horse value. In my experience so far this has not been the case. I am still working on plenty of horses and my field is more of a luxury than say like stitching a horse or care of a sick horse. I am also receiving new inquiries on my services on a regular basis. So there is still concern over health, which I would expect. If horse prices are cheaper than those that can afford them will be more inclined to purchase another one, until they calculate the cost of actually caring for one…LOL. Also on the other side of the coin they will be less likely to sell their horse because they will get nothing for it and therefore keep it longer. With all this said the majority of my clients have their horse because it does the job they need and want and the only reason they would sell and or buy a new horse is because their needs change or the horse they have can no longer fulfill their needs say for example in the case of an injured horse. Also the majority of them treat their horse truly as their companion not a piece of property so again the current prices of horses is not going to affect them. All this means that horse health care will be of greater importance rather than less importance and horse owners will be inclined to spend more money for better health of their current horse since they will be keeping it longer.

My feeling is that the horse market is depressed in middle America on the low end horses especially and that it is not and most likely will not affect horse owners from providing health care to their wanted horses.

Horse Hoof Health

The most important aspect of the health of a horse’s hoof is how it is trimmed.

Oh there are nutritional supplements that help and there are hoof applications that help and how you ride and what type of surface all helps in determining the health of the hoof but THE most important is how it is trimmed.

So now we can open a can of worms as to how is this accomplished? What is the best way to trim a horses hoof? There are arguments upon arguments or shall we say intellectual discussions on how this is to be done. There are farriers who have been around for centuries it seems that have never gone to farrier school and say it should be done this way, and there are others straight out of farrier school that say it should be done this way and then there is every type of farrier in between. Just take a look at one of my favorite forums to lurk – http://www.horseshoes.com/forums/ This forum is a great resource to learn about shoeing and trimming and everyone there has an opinion. You just need to be able to read between the lines or rather take all the information in and form your own opinion OR just read my blog and I’ll give you your opinion…LOL

Dynamic hoof balance, geometric balance, natural balance, physiologic hoof trim, Strasser trim (OK not that ONE) all are techniques used to improve the soundness of the horse and not one of them is the RIGHT one for every horse. A good farrier will know how to use one or more of a combination of these techniques to improve the hoof health and soundness.

As a horse owner how can you tell if your horse’s hoof is trimmed so that it is healthy. What should you look for? Here are three foundation principles you need to notice about your horse’s hoof and if your horse’s hoof does not follow these foundation principles, you need to ask your farrier why. Now there may be a perfectly valid reason why your horse’s hoof does not exactly follow these three principles and your farrier may have a good reason for not following these but they are a good start to building a healthy sound hoof…

First, look at the bottom of your horse’s foot (the sole). Draw an imaginary
straight line through the widest part of the foot. From that line back to the heels
should be more total surface area than in front of that line.

Second, the frog should be at least ½ as wide at the heel base, as it is
long. It should also make contact with the ground at the base.

Third, the angle of the hoof should parallel the angle of the pastern. It is
not an exact number but usually falls between 45 and 55 degrees. The best way
to determine if proper angle is met is to look at the foot from the side and place a
straight edge (ruler) along the front aspect of the hoof from the toe to the coronet
band. If it is a correct angle, the front aspect of the pastern will follow on the
bottom of the straight edge exactly all the way to the fetlock.

If your horse’s hoof follows these three foundation principles then it should be as healthy as it can be. If not ask why not, because as the Native Americans used to say…no foot, no horse! Or was it some old british farrier, I can’t remember. In any case a healthy hoof is a good foundation to a healthy horse.

Illinois Begins Premises Registration

The state of Illinois has taken the first step towards implementing the National Animal Identification System (NAIS) by starting a voluntary livestock Premises Registration.

So what does this mean? Lots of red tape is what I see in the future. Withholding my biasis of how ridiculous this program actually is, I’ll give you both sides of the story. What it means for you as a horse owner in Illinois or rather a horse breeder/raiser in Illinois, they are requesting that you register your facility as a production site or livestock market. It is the first step in the NAIS plan which includes registering of production, animal registration, and finally animal tracking. The thought is to be able to track where an animal comes from at all time in case of a foreign animal disease is discovered. This will speed up the process of being able to trace back where an animal has been. The NAIS plan is to be able to do this within a 48 hour period of time. From the Illinois Department of Agriculture

Premises registration is the first step you can take to protect your investment in Illinois’ livestock industry. A database of locations where livestock are produced, raised and kept, will aid animal health officials. A system with proper trace back and trace forward capabilities provides timely response to minimize the economic impact in the event of an animal disease outbreak. The discovery of BSE in the U.S. has emphasized the need for a 48-hour trace back system.

When you register your premises it will be kept secruely on a database used exclusively for this program. Eventually the program will be able to track a single horse and if that horse becomes ill with a foreign disease, all of the horses movements from where it originated will be in one database for inspectors to trace back. From there they can contact and or trace any other horses that one came into contact with. For more information on the NAIS program go to http://animalid.aphis.usda.gov/nais/index.shtml

Now if all this sounds a little big brotherish to you, I agree and so does NoNAIS.org which for some reason is no longer there! SO if this website or blog post comes down you will know that the federal agents in support of the NAIS program have gotten to me as well.

OK out of the black helicopter conspiracy government is bad mode and back to reality. There are several people opposed to this program as they feel it does infringe on their privacy. Here are several websites that do oppose the NAIS that have not been removed.

http://www.noanimalid.com/

http://www.rfid-weblog.com/50226711/nonaisorg_we_dont_need_no_stinking_tags.php

http://www.nonaiswa.org/

http://www.cafepress.com/nonais

In my opinion the program may have merit, but at what cost and trusting the government to make good on its promises has never been a strong faith of mine. What I mean by this is keeping the information private and only for use in the prevention of an outbreak. I do not believe in conspiracy that the people trying to have this program go forward have other intentions than exactly what is stated, but in the future the government will have access to these records for who knows what down the line. After the BSE scare here in the US they are trying anything and everything to prevent a horrible outbreak even if it means bending a few rights given us in the constitution. I also feel that this program although well intended will fall short of what it is trying to accomplish. Government is notoriously slow and I will see this program as no different, lots of red tape and record keeping, which will be great for the big businesses that are already tagging and tracing but for the individual horse owners that have a hard enough time keeping their breed registration papers in order this is going to be a real pain in the rumpus. Will it actually be able to do what it is intended to do…prevent a massive outbreak…in a word, no.