May 22, 2012

Horse Health: What do you want to know?

I plan on posting more often, but I want to give you an opportunity to dictate what I write about.

So in the comments section below give me your ideas, your concerns, your desires on what you want to know about your horse as it pertains to its health.

It can be traditional or alternative, medical or surgical, nutrition, movement, lameness, dentistry, specific diseases or a general question. One rule is that I can not give advice on your specific case as in what you should do about your horse it has such and such problem. I can discuss in general a specific problem, giving you the best options and the most common methods of diagnosis and treatment.

Go ahead the floor is yours – What do you want to know?

Horse Nutrition Protein: My irritation becomes your knowledge benefit

OK this is very irritating – one of my clients used my name to try and get the barn owner convinced that they need change the way they are feeding her horse. Now I would not have minded if the horse owner was telling the barn owner something that I believe to be true, but it is not something that I think is right for her horse.

We discussed that her horse was still a little thin but was improved from the last time I saw the horse. We also discussed that the horse could use some fat supplement to help with weight gain without making the horse excitable especially since the horse is a Thoroughbred and might be a little tough to handle if she was loaded up on a lot of grain. That was all that was said.

The owner told the barn owner that I insisted the horse be fed a specific product! To make matters worse that product is not a fat supplement but rather a protein supplement – 32% protein to be exact. Now it may be that I misheard the horse owner when she mentioned fat supplements or she thought that this particular product was a fat supplement, but in any case I would not recommend feeding a protein supplement for weight gain in horses.

A horse requires 10 to 12% protein in its diet and that is all! It does not add any benefit to add more protein as the horse does not use it to build anymore muscle but rather turns it into energy. When the body turns the extra protein into energy it produces more urea nitrogen which then passes through the kidneys and creates that horrible ammonia urine smell. Two things that make this scenario bad. One is that the ammonia produced in the urine can cause irritation to the respiratory tract which can then make the horse more susceptible to respiratory tract infections, especially in the winter time in an enclosed barn. The other is a financial issue – protein is an expensive resource to be used for weight gain – carbohydrates and fat are both cheaper and fat is the preferred for horses.

So in case that client is reading this I hope it was just a misunderstanding. I do not want you to feed that 32% protein supplement to your horse, but rather I would like to see your horse fed a fat supplement with Probiotics – something like Advanced Biological Concept’s Energy (http://www.a-b-c-plus.com/)

Other Related Articles on Nutriton for Horses

Horse nutrition

When protein is fed beyond what the horse requires, the body uses it as an energy source and excretes the unused nitrogen in the urine. Although doing so does not harm the horse, protein is a very expensive energy source. …

Publish Date: 10/15/2009 13:07

http://petshub.com/blog/

Horse Nutrition Essentials

I find many horse owners are unsure on the basic essentials for nutrition for their horse. There are thousands of supplements out there and many, many.

Publish Date: 08/30/2007 14:58

http://www.horsekinetics.com/

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Your horse can live longer

Horses today are living longer. An article from EquiSearch (www.equisearch.com) gives information in regards to five areas that you can help your horse live a long healthy life.

5 Ways to Help Your Horse Live Longer starts out by describing a study done by Tufts University which was a survey done of over 600 horses. What was discovered leads to these five areas that you need to manage in order to have a healthy long living horse.

  • Dental Care
  • Parasite Control
  • Nutrition
  • Turnout
  • Regular Vet Visits
  • Sounds familiar to what I have been saying for years, add a couple of other areas such as Tack Fit and Farriery and you have all the categories you need to improve movement in your horse as well.

    Now I will have to say that this article is more inclined to the traditional veterinary medicine in the area of parasite control but other than that the article is a great review of what a whole health outlook can do for your horse.

    Personally I would avoid deworming products unless necessary, however, you definitely need to check fecal samples many more times than 2 times a year. For the best care of your horse I would suggest monthly or every other month fecal checks. If your horse is positive for parasites then give a deworming product and recheck the fecal sample two weeks later. There are companies that specialize in fecal checks. You just send them the sample and they run the test at a very reasonable cost. Such as Horsemen’s Laboratory (http://horsemenslab.com)

    Exercise can damage the immune system!

    OK exercise is actually good for the immune system in moderation. Excessive strenous activities such as racing or showing your horse in multiple classes in a horse show can have a dramatic negative effect on the immune system.

    Here is an article found in The Horse about a study on the effects of strenous activity on the immune system. http://www.thehorse.com/viewarticle.aspx?ID=9910

    To summarize what the researchers in Italy’s Sport Horse Research Center found is that genes are affected by intense activity. Four of the genes affected are related to the cell cycle and metabolism management. “If these genes are overexpressed or underexpressed, immunity is affected.”

    Interesting study, which of course leads to more questions, but the common horseperson can understand that physical stress can lead to becoming ill…DUH!

    The World’s Oldest Pony dead at 56!!

    Sugar Puff, a Shetland Pony, was put down on May 25th after “complicated health problems” made him collapse.
    sugarpuff.jpg
    He was 56 years old owned by Sally Botting of West Sussex, UK. This definitely a testament on how good health care can really extend the life of your horse or in this case a pony.

    Read the article about this news story in Horse and Hound

    Thanks to Dr Alan Weldon for pointing out this story.

    Equine Emergency Kits

    Horse season is here in the midwest and an increase in emergencies is seen this time of year due to the increase in outdoor activities with horses. So it would be time to invest in an emergency kit for your horse.

    kit003.jpg

    I have found one at a reasonable cost and is pretty complete – The Trailering Kit small from Equimedic is an excellent choice for a first aid kit for horses. Here is a list of what you will find in this kit…

    Small Trailering Soft Sided Bag
    10 long handled cotton tipped swabs
    8 medical towels
    6 wood applicators
    24 non-sterile gauze pads
    6 sterile gauze pads
    5 non-adherent gauze pads
    3 3M Vetrap Bandaging Tape
    1 one third pound roll of cotton
    1 adhesive tape roll
    10 alcohol wipes
    10 hand sanitizing towelettes
    4 povidone iodine swabsticks
    1 four ounce eye wash
    1 betadine surgical scrub
    1 eight ounce hydrogen peroxide
    8 iodine wipes
    1 flashlight
    6 exam gloves
    1 hoof pick
    1 tourniquet
    1 bandage scissors
    4 bandage pins
    5 18 gauge by one inch needles
    2 ten cc syringes
    2 twenty cc syringes
    1 thirty five cc syringe
    1 stainless steel thumb forcep
    1 wrap cutter
    10 antibiotic foil pouches
    6 three quarter inch adhesive bandages
    6 one inch adhesive bandages
    2 Electrolyte Gold packets
    1 two ounce small antiseptic ointment
    1 four and a half ounce small liniment
    1 six ounce bloodstop

    To this kit I would add a few more items -
    1 pair of wire cutters
    tools to remove shoes
    1 roll of Duct Tape
    A pair of EZ Boots (properly fit for your horse)

    Then some emergency medicine that you can ask your vet about such as -
    Banamine
    SMZ-TMP 960mg tablets (Tribrissen tablets)
    Acepromazine
    Epinephrine

    Remember the Boy Scout’s rule to always be prepared. So at this time of increased activity with your horse be prepared for emergencies with an Equine Emergency Kit. You can either build your own or purchase a First Aid kit for horses already prepared by Equimedic

    Other Humane Issues for Horses besides Anti-Slaughter

    OK Here I go again! The Anti-Slaughter issue is based on humane or more exactly in-humane treatment of horses. We are going so far as to make it a federal law to stop the slaughter and in-humane treatment caused by slaughtering, so what about the other in-humane activities that go on in the horse world and many times are accepted as general practice or as the way things are.

    For examples – (now I will be talking from experience with all these topics, meaning I have either witnessed the occurence or have witnessed the after effects of the “in-humane” treatment)

    Arabian Show horses – being gingered which entails applying ginger, a caustic substance to the anus of an Arab so that it is uncomfortable to place its tail down in the area. Although this is an “illegal” show activity, it happens many, many times as it helps maintain an appropriate tail flagging height.

    Western Pleasure – Chemically denerving or blocking of the tail, causing the tail to be limp, so no flagging occurs during a show. Consequently, the horse can no longer swat flies either. Or my favorite since I am an animal chiropractor – tying the head up for hours and hours. Why? So that the head hangs low, the muscles are too exhausted to raise the head up, so it “teaches” the horse to ride with its head down really low. Oh and this last one is legal!

    Racing – allowing young horses to heavily train so they can race when they are two. Reason – because otherwise you have to wait one more year to see if your investment will be a good one or not!?! Although the health of these horses are of the utmost importance when winning or trying to make a horse a winner, the big picture is lost by allowing them to train too early.

    Jumpers – polling – using a long pole to smack the front legs of a horse as he comes over a jump to “teach” them to tightly fold their knees to avoid brushing the bar.

    Saddlebreds – What can I say the entire process to make them do what they do. OK they have a natural gait but the techniques that “improve” or exaggerate those gaits can be very shocking and is widely accepted such as tail cutting and applying a tail set, which is cutting the lower ligaments of the tail allowing for exaggerated tail movement up over the back and applying a bar behind the tail and leaving it there for hours and hours to train the tail to be in that position. The shoes which create a long term defect in the feet, causing a pencil thin frog and crushed heels.

    Halter horses – Forcing yearlings to grow so fast and large that they look like 5 year old studs and I am talking about the fillys!

    I can go on and on about almost any of the sports and activities we do with horses. Are these next on the agenda for legislators? Are humane groups looking into these activities? Or is the horse world going to have to police itself and when the majority finds these activities inhumane will they stop or is the desire to win that much stronger?

    I really do not have an answer to these questions and I have to deal with horses that have these things done to them on a regular basis. Am I contributing to their inhumane treatment by working on them, allowing them to continue to perform? What do you think? Do these activities really affect the horse’s health or are they even really in-humane?

    Oral Hyaluronic Acid – a change of opinion?

    Oral preparations of Sodium Hyaluronate or Hyaluronic Acid (HA) are marketed as a joint supplement. One of the original HA products was Legend (trademark by Bayer) and was only available in intra-articular injection (joint injection) or intravascular injection (IV) forms. Intra-articular injection has been shown to be more effective however with the risk of joint infection and the inconvenience of having to have a veterinarian perform the procedure plus the added cost, IV injection seemed to be the way to go, especially after the Colorado State University study in 1997 that should that intravenous injection of HA decreases inflammatory mediators in the joint and improves lameness. For study info Effects of intravenous administration of sodium hyaluronate

    Then came the oral administrations and intial results were not that great with many horse owners saying that there were no signs of improvement. It was surmised that in order of preference for using HA intra-articular injection was better than intravenous injection which was better than oral administration. I have been promoting that mantra for a couple of years now.

    Well along comes a study from Rood and Riddle last year…Oral hyaluronan gel You can click on the link to the abstract of the study but let me quote for you the Conclusion of this study…

    “CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Oral preparations of hyaluronan are being used to treat joint disease in horse. Anecdotal reports supporting the efficacy of these preparations already exist. This study provides objective evidence that oral HA reduces joint effusion post operatively following the arthroscopic removal of an OCD lesion in the tarsocrural joint.”

    Which means that oral HA does have some effectiveness and is better than what I had initially thought. With that said it is still expensive in comparison to other oral joint supplements and the studies have not been conducted to determine if it is any better than other supplements or better than injectable HA. I know it is not better than Adequan as the research on Adequan suggest some cartilage rebuild where as HA does not.

    So for those of you that I have told you are wasting your money that is only partially true…it does seem to work but I am still on the fence as far as cost effectiveness.

    I think I am going to go through all the joint supplements and explain each one in the next few posts. Leave feedback in my comments if you have a request on what joint supplement you would like to know about and don’t forget to check out my website E-VetClinic

    Pergolide – No availability

    If you have a horse with Cushings and it is taking pergolide here is something you should know – FDA News

    This means that they have pulled pergolide from the market and it will not be available for your horse. Personally I like for people to try using the Chasteberry products such as Hormonize or Evitech, but many times the pergolide is the horses last hope for remaining symptom free.

    The Horse did an article last month on this – Don’t know how I missed it but I did – and it contains information on how to petition the FDA for special use for horses – heres the story – http://www.thehorse.com/ViewArticle.aspx?ID=9405

    AAEP Healthy Horses Workshop for Owners!

    The AAEP is going to have a Healthy Horses Workshop in Colorado according to a press release found at The Horse ( http://www.thehorse.com/ViewArticle.aspx?ID=9502 )

    Some excellent topics are lined up with some of the more prominent equine experts in Colorado. Heres the line up taken from the Press Release…

    Infection Protection: It’s Not Just About Vaccinations Anymore. Josie Traub-Dargatz, DVM, MS, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colo.

    Colic: Interesting and Up-to-Date Information for Horse Owners. Nancy Loving, DVM, Loving Equine Clinic, Boulder, Colo.

    Equine Veterinary Acupuncture and Chiropractic: What, When and Who? Ed Boldt, Jr., DVM, Performance Horse Complementary Medicine Services, Fort Collins, Colo.

    Equine Endocrine Disorders: The Basics. Emily Graves, VMD, Equine Consulting of the Rockies, Fort Collins, Colo.

    Is My Horse Lame? How to Determine the Cause and Source of Lameness in the Horse. Terry Swanson, DVM, Littleton Large Animal Clinic, Littleton, Colo.

    Looks to be a good seminar to attend. Mark your calendars for Saturday, July 28th for a trip to Fort Collins, Colorado.